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HMS ''Dorsetshire'' (pennant number 40) was a heavy cruiser of the County class of the Royal Navy, named after the English county, now usually known as Dorset. The ship was a member of the ''Norfolk'' sub-class, of which was the only other unit; the County class comprised a further eleven ships in two other sub-classes. ''Dorsetshire'' was built at the Portsmouth Dockyard; her keel was laid in September 1927, she was launched in January 1929, and was completed in September 1931. ''Dorsetshire'' was armed with a main battery of eight guns, and had a top speed of . ''Dorsetshire'' served initially in the Atlantic Fleet in the early 1930s, before moving to the Africa Station in 1933, and then to the China Station in late 1935. She remained there until the outbreak of the Second World War in September 1939, when she was transferred to the South Atlantic. There, she reinforced the search for the German raider . In late May 1941, ''Dorsetshire'' took part in the final engagement with the battleship ''Bismarck'', which ended when ''Dorsetshire'' was ordered to close and torpedo the crippled German battleship. She joined searches for the heavy cruiser in August and the auxiliary cruiser in November. In March 1942, ''Dorsetshire'' was transferred to the Eastern Fleet to support British forces in the recently opened Pacific Theatre of the war. At the end of the month, the Japanese fast carrier task force—the ''Kido Butai''—launched the Indian Ocean raid. On 5 April, Japanese aircraft spotted ''Dorsetshire'' and her sister while en route to Colombo; a force of dive bombers then attacked the two ships and sank them. More than 1,100 men were rescued the next day, out of a combined crew of over 1,500. ==Description== (詳細はlong overall, and had a beam of and a draught of . She displaced at standard displacement, in compliance with the tonnage restriction of the Washington Naval Treaty, and up to at full combat load. ''Dorsetshire'' was propelled by four Parsons steam turbines that drove four screw propellers. Steam was provided by eight oil-fired 3-drum water-tube boilers. The turbines were rated at and produced a top speed of . The ship had a capacity of of fuel oil as built, which provided a cruising radius of at a speed of . She had a crew of 710 officers and enlisted men.〔Gardiner & Chesneau, p. 28〕〔Raven & Roberts, p. 413〕 ''Dorsetshire'' was armed with a main battery of eight BL 8-inch (20 cm) Mk VIII 50-cal. guns in four twin turrets, in two superfiring pairs forward and aft. As built, the cruiser had a secondary battery that included four dual-purpose guns (DP) in single mounts. She also carried four QF 2-pounder anti-aircraft guns, also in single mounts. Her armament was rounded out by eight torpedo tubes mounted in two quadruple launchers.〔 In 1931, ''Dorestshire'' began to carry a seaplane; a catapult was installed the following year to allow her to launch the aircraft while underway. In 1937, her secondary battery was overhauled. Eight QF 4-inch Mk V DP guns in twin turrets replaced the single mounts, and the single 2-pounders were replaced with eight twin-mounts. During World War II, her anti-aircraft battery was strengthened by the addition of nine guns.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「HMS Dorsetshire (40)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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